MSCs isolated and cultured from BM, AT, OE can be used to treat degenerative lesions of the nervous system, including Parkinson’s disease, MS, and other variants of motor neuron disease, as well as rehabilitation after ischemic stroke.

Due to the physiological tropism of the «cellular niche,» BMCPs based on OE MSCs (including pooled MSCs) show the greatest effectiveness, especially with combined transplantation using systemic and local (intrathecal and intranasal) delivery routes to the pathological focus.

After intravenous and transnasal (under the mucous membrane of the nasal passage) or intrathecal (into the cerebrospinal fluid space of the spinal canal) administration of BMCP, the paracrine activity of MSCs manifests in more prolonged immunomodulatory, angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects.

Additionally, MSCs are donors of mitochondria for damaged nerve cells, enhance the survival of neurons and oligodendrocytes under neurodestruction conditions, and contribute to their recovery by normalizing «cell respiration» activity, supporting the functional activity and structural organization of both individual brain cells and the neuronal network as a whole.

Treatment Scheme

Combined cell transplantation (staged transnasal, intrathecal, and intravenous administration of BMCP) includes minimally invasive procedures performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia.

The method of administration and the BMCP dose are determined by the attending physician.

The use of autologous MSCs necessitates a «long» treatment logistics period with a BMCP production period of 3-4 weeks.

The use of allogeneic MSCs or repeated CT courses for patients with cryopreservation allows reducing logistics to 1 visit.

Effectiveness

Due to its impact on the pathogenetic course of degenerative nervous system pathologies, including genetically determined ones, CT can be applied as an adjunct to symptomatic drug treatment to slow the progression of chronic neurodegenerative processes and control motor symptoms.

A complete cure cannot be expected: the severity and duration of the clinical effect are determined by the degree of nervous system damage.

High progression rates on the UPDRS scale and severe irreversible damage to nervous structures with pronounced motor impairments make the prognosis of cell therapy unfavorable.

Safety and Complications

Despite comprehensive complication prevention during and after the procedure, adverse events may develop: headache, injection site pain, slight nosebleeds, dryness of the nasal and oral mucous membranes.